Key Specifications/Special Features and Materials
the material is selected accoding to the application use such as high temperature use,sanitary fitting,regular industrial use etc.
- Carbon steel: ASTM A234 WPB, WPC, ASTM A420 WPL1, WPL3, WPL6, WPHY-42/46/52/56/60/65/70
- Stainless steel: ASTM A403 WP304/304L, WP316/316/L, WP321, WP347 and WPS31254
- Alloy steel: ASTM A234 WP1/WP12/WP11/WP22/WP5/WP7/WP9/WP91
- Abrasion resistant material:Ceramic lined, Ceramic tile lined , Bi-metal clad pipe,
- Manufacturing standards: ANSI, ISO, JIS and DIN.
The ends of pipe elbows may be machined for butt welding , threaded , or socketed , so the elbows are consist of butt weld,thread elbow, socket elbow and other series.
Elbows are design features as below
A 90 degree elbow is also called a “90 bend” or “90 ell”. It is a fitting which is bent in such a way to produce 90 degree change in the direction of flow in the pipe. It used to change the direction in piping and is also sometimes called a “quarter bend”.
A 90 degree elbow attaches readily to plastic, copper, cast iron, steel and lead. It can also attach to rubber with stainless steel clamps. It is available in many materials like silicone, rubber compounds, galvanized steel, etc. The main application of an elbow (90 degree) is to connect hoses to valves, water pressure pumps, and deck drains. These elbows can be made from tough nylon material or NPT thread.
A 45 degree elbow is also called a “45 bend” or “45 ell”. It is commonly used in water supply facilities, food industrial pipeline networks, chemical industrial pipeline networks, electronic industrial pipeline networks, air conditioning facility pipeline, agriculture and garden production transporting system, pipeline network for solar energy facility, etc.
Elbows are split into two groups which define the distance over which they change direction; the center line of one end to the opposite face. This is known as the "center to face" distance and is equivalent to the radius through which the elbow is bent.
Here below, for example, you will find the center to face distance of NPS 2 elbows (the A distance on the image)
- 90°-LR : = 1½ x 2(NPS) x 25.4 A=76.2 mm
- 180°-LR : = 2 times the 90° LR elbow A=152.4 mm
- 90°-SR : = 2(NPS) x 25.4 A=50.8 mm
- 180°-SR : = 2 times the 90° SR elbow A=101.6 mm
The center to face distance for a "long" radius elbow, abbreviated LR always is "1½ x Nominal Pipe Size (NPS) (1½D)", while the center to face distance for a "short" radius elbow, abbreviated SR even is to nominal pipe size.
3D elbows as an example, are calculated with:
3(D) x 2(NPS) x 25.4
- 90 Degree Elbow – where change in direction required is 90°
- 45 Degree Elbow – where change in direction required is 45°
- L/R - Long radius, S/R - Short radius
Application of pipe elbows:
An "elbow" is defined as a length of pipe with a sharp bend in it. Most commonly elbows have a 90 degree bend, but they could have bends larger or smaller than that and still be referred to as "elbows."
Applications for bending of pipes include process piping, bollards, and ductwork, as well as component parts of equipment and machinery.
Petroleum, chemical, power, gas, metallurgy, shipbuilding, construction, etc.
Petroleum, chemical, power, gas, metallurgy, shipbuilding, construction, etc.
ELL & ELLS
- A wing of a building at right angles to the main structure.
- A right-angled bend in a pipe or conduit; an elbow.
